Elderly, Not Just Youth, Struggle with Drug Abuse and Misuse

When we think of the words ‘addiction’ and ‘drug abuser,’ images of grandma and grandpa don’t come to mind. The elderly are often overlooked when it comes to the subject of drug misuse and abuse. However, as the baby boomers age and take various medications to counter aches and pains, the likelihood of prescription drug misuse increases.

Because aging can be hard on the body, those over the age of 65 account for 33 percent of all prescription medications dispensed in the United States. Also, since aging individuals usually take a variety of medications together to treat various ailments, the potential for dangerous or even fatal side effects increase. This combined with the fact that many elderly also suffer from memory lapse, can make the potential for overdose even worse.

Many elderly individuals may feel very alone, which increases the possibility of developing depression or anxiety disorders. Coping with the loss of spouse, close friend, or family member contributes to these disorders and can leave many feeling lost and helpless. To get by, some of these individuals self-medicate to numb the pain.

A study conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) uncovered that a substantial number of adults in their 50’s and older were even abusing illegal drugs. In fact, 4.3 million admitted to having used an illegal substance within the past 12 months. The study found that women age 60 to 64 were more likely to abuse prescription medications – or take them for a purpose other than what they were prescribed. Mostly, these women were trying to escape emotional pain.

This emotional pain can stem from many things. Often it can be dealing with empty nest syndrome, not feeling useful or wanted after retirement, desiring companionship after being widowed, or dealing with financial burdens. Any of these can increase the urge to self-medicate.

Ruth Sanchez-Way, director of the Federal Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, says that prescription drug abuse and alcohol abuse are often related. Many times, however, the elderly are too embarrassed to admit or may not even know that they have a problem.

Emergency room data shows that benzodiazepines (tranquilizers and sleeping aids) and opiates (pain medications) are the top two types of prescription drugs being abused. These drugs carry a high risk of dependence, and those who use the drugs regularly may not be prepared for the severe withdrawals that will most surely follow if they decide to stop taking them.

SAMHSA Official, Pamela S. Hyde, J. D., says that study has implications for the future of healthcare for seniors who are substance abusers. She advocates more prevention programs that target the elderly as well as rigorous screening and referral programs as part of normal check-ups.

Also key is addressing the root emotional issues that may be fueling the addiction as well as educating these individuals regarding the benefits of stress management and how to lead a healthy lifestyle. Because these individuals are the pillars of society, we have a responsibility not to let them slip through the cracks.